Introduction to Dialysis
Kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining our body’s overall health. They filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood, balance electrolytes, and regulate blood pressure. But when the kidneys lose their ability to function properly, waste accumulates in the body, leading to life-threatening conditions. This is where dialysis comes in — a medical procedure designed to replicate the kidneys’ filtering process when they can no longer perform effectively.
The global dialysis market size was valued at $91,205.0 million in 2020, and is estimated to reach $129,756.8 million by 2028, registering a CAGR of 4.7% from 2021 to 2028.
What is Dialysis?
Dialysis is a life-saving treatment for people whose kidneys are no longer able to filter blood efficiently. It helps to remove waste, salt, and extra water, ensuring a balance of electrolytes and preventing toxins from building up in the body. Dialysis also helps to control blood pressure and keep essential chemicals like potassium and sodium at safe levels.
There are two main types of dialysis:
- Hemodialysis: Blood is filtered through a machine called a dialyzer (artificial kidney) outside the body. The process involves removing blood, passing it through the machine to clean it, and then returning it to the body.
- Peritoneal Dialysis: This type uses the lining of the abdomen (the peritoneum) as a natural filter. A cleansing fluid is introduced into the abdomen through a catheter, which absorbs waste from the blood. After a set amount of time, the fluid is drained and replaced with fresh solution.
Why is Dialysis Needed?
Dialysis is usually required for patients experiencing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD), conditions where kidney function is reduced to 10–15% or less of normal capacity. In these cases, the kidneys are unable to filter blood effectively on their own.
Common causes of kidney failure include:
- Diabetes: A leading cause of CKD, diabetes can damage blood vessels in the kidneys over time.
- Hypertension: High blood pressure can impair kidney function by damaging blood vessels.
- Glomerulonephritis: An inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units can lead to long-term damage.
- Polycystic kidney disease: A genetic condition that causes cysts to grow in the kidneys, affecting their ability to filter waste.
Types of Dialysis
1. Hemodialysis
Hemodialysis is the most common form of dialysis and usually takes place at a medical facility or at home. It requires access to the bloodstream through a minor surgical procedure that creates a connection called a fistula or graft. Once connected, the patient’s blood is circulated through the dialyzer, where it is cleaned before being returned to the body. Typically, hemodialysis takes about 3–5 hours per session and is performed three times a week.
Pros:
- Effective in removing toxins
- Supervised by healthcare professionals (in-center dialysis)
Cons:
- Requires frequent visits to a clinic
- Can cause fatigue and low blood pressure after treatments
2. Peritoneal Dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis can be done at home, offering more flexibility. It involves filling the abdomen with a dialysate fluid through a catheter. The fluid absorbs waste and toxins from the blood via the peritoneum and is then drained out. There are two main forms of peritoneal dialysis:
- Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): The patient manually exchanges fluids several times a day.
- Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD): A machine automatically cycles the fluid in and out, usually while the patient sleeps.
Pros:
- Can be done at home or even during travel
- Less restrictive diet compared to hemodialysis
Cons:
- Risk of infection (peritonitis)
- Requires self-management and catheter care
Life on Dialysis
While dialysis can be life-altering, many patients are able to lead fulfilling lives by making certain adjustments. Diet, exercise, and mental health all play important roles in managing kidney disease and improving the effectiveness of dialysis.
- Diet: Patients on dialysis often need to limit salt, potassium, and phosphorus intake. Eating kidney-friendly foods and staying hydrated (while not overloading on fluids) is critical to avoid complications.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity can help dialysis patients maintain strength and energy levels, control weight, and improve mental health. It’s important to follow a tailored exercise plan, as fatigue is a common side effect of dialysis.
- Mental Health: Living with kidney failure and the need for ongoing treatment can be stressful. Many patients benefit from psychological support, whether through therapy, support groups, or open conversations with family and friends.
Conclusion
Dialysis is a vital treatment for those with kidney failure, offering a way to continue living a healthy life despite compromised kidney function. While it does require lifestyle adjustments and can be physically demanding, modern advances in dialysis treatment have made it possible for patients to manage the condition with greater flexibility and comfort.
It’s important for patients to work closely with their healthcare team to choose the right type of dialysis, develop a personalized treatment plan, and maintain a balanced lifestyle. With the right support and care, dialysis patients can thrive, even in the face of chronic kidney disease.
Read More: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/dialysis-market
0 Comments